Top 20 great grammar for great writing answer key pdf năm 2024

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Grammar for Great Writing, Book B, 1

st

Edition

UNIT 1

What Do You Know?, page 3 1 Many students who are in their first year of university study has have difficulty choosing

majors. [The verb must agree with the plural subject, students.]

4 Because academic advisors are familiar with all the majors offered at the university, they are

providing provide helpful information to guide students toward a specific field of study. [Use the simple present form of the verb to make a general statement.]

ACTIVITY 1, page 5 1. is becoming 2. wear 3. is receiving 4. have not traveled 5. preview 6. is not helping 7. have always wanted 8. is

ACTIVITY 2, page 7 1. uses 2. have risen 3. are beginning or have begun 4. do not have or have not had 5. do not allow 6. are conducting 7. are working 8. states

ACTIVITY 3, Common Error 1, page 8 1. define 2. are 3. have developed 4. does not involve 5. have continued 6. is not

1. have benefited
2. consider

ACTIVITY 4, Common Error 1, page 9 1. are taking 2. shows 3. do not understand 4. are visiting 5. ruins 6. are melting 7. is improving 8. does not exist

ACTIVITY 5, Common Error 1, pages 9– 1. have studied; believe 2. speak; are 3. qualify; exist 4. focuses; shares 5. have understood; have studied 6. have shown / recommend 7. has remained / remember 8. adopt / need

ACTIVITY 6, Vocabulary in Academic Writing, page 11 1. argue 2. indicate or illustrate or show 3. indicate or illustrate or show 4. believe or argue 5. illustrates 6. define 7. increase 8. comes 9. requires 10. changes

ACTIVITY 7, Review Quiz, page 12 1. a 2. d 3. b 4. b

What Do You Know?, page 17 2 The period began in 31 BCE, when Augustus was defeating defeated Marc Antony in a battle.

[For a simple past action, use verb + -ed.]

3 During this period, the Roman Empire was very strong, so citizens turn turned their attention

from battles to engineering and the arts. [For the simple past, use the verb + -ed.]

ACTIVITY 1, page 19

1. found; were
2. installed
3. asked
4. came; wrote
5. did not have; sold
6. was; began; died
7. decreased; began
8. did not qualify

ACTIVITY 2, page 20

1. was conducting
2. were working
3. was not trying
4. was taking
5. were obtaining; were eating
6. were lacking
7. was not growing
8. were having

ACTIVITY 3, page 22

1. provided; were seeking or sought
2. came; did not make
3. were attending; developing
4. advised
5. associated; had
6. took; matched
7. did not produce
8. did not allow; needed

ACTIVITY 4, Common Error 2, page 23

1. According to U. census data from 1900, most people did not lived did not live in large cities; by 1930, the opposite was true.
2. The medical team did identified the cause of the virus and began to research ways to eliminate it.
3. In the past, employers did often performed background checks on job applicants in order to confirm their previous work experience.
4. Data from the U. Department of Labor shows that from 1938 to 1968, the minimum wage did increased from 25 cents per hour to $1 per hour.
5. Many members of the so-called Traditionalist Generation, people who were born before 1946, did not viewed view work as fun but rather as an obligation.
6. In the story, the main character looked and did saw the bright blue sky through her open window; the window represented her future freedom.
7. In their study, psychologists did compared the grades of students who were procrastinators with those who were not.
8. Following a regular plan of exercise is not easy for many people. However, one study did showed that after only one month of exercising three times a week, people’s fitness levels improved.

ACTIVITY 5, Common Error 2, page 24

1. A majority of the young voters, those between the ages of 18 and 24, did not support the local candidate who was run running for the office of state senator.
2. Malaysian Airlines Flight 370 was fly flying from Malaysia to China when it disappeared.
3. According to a national poll, only 31 percent of the citizens said the new insurance rules were work working well.
4. When Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993, some people thought that the two countries were not do doing the correct thing.
5. In the 1997 car accident that killed Princess Diana, the driver was possibly drive driving more than 100 miles per hour.
6. The study focused on 86 Spanish speakers and 92 Arabic speakers who were attend attending an English language program in Orange County, California.
7. In the survey, citizens indicated that local traffic was become becoming a problem for the community because of all the tourists who were visiting the area.
8. Because the cost of tuition was increase increasing, many students decided to study part time.

ACTIVITY 6, Common Error 2, page 25

1. appeared; spread; were playing; making
2. killed; broke; did not receive; thought
3. contributed; rained; flowed; took; caused; moved; were pushing or pushed; ate; allowed; formed
4. immigrated; were seeking; were looking; came; increased
5. a
6. b
7. c
8. The famous Mexican artist Frida Kahlo, who is well-known for her brightly colored, primitive-style works and for her many self-portraits, first began to paint while she was recovering after a bus accident was making made her unable to walk for three months. [Use the simple past form of the verb.]
9. When architects first developed “green” buildings, many of them were having had energy- saving features. In order to conserve water, architects also designed landscapes with plants that were native to the area. [Stative verbs should use the simple past.]
10. In the 1920s, as car ownership in the United States increased and people traveled farther from home, many other changes such as paved roads, traffic signals, and gas stations also occur occurred. [Use the past form of the verb.]

ACTIVITY 10, Building Greater Sentences, page 29 Answers may vary.

1. In early 1986, Florida biologists put a collar on an endangered male panther and monitored him for almost nine years until he died in 1994.
2. A marine biologist spotted a group of rare dolphins when she was looking for whales off the Washington coast.
3. While the Titanic was sailing from England to the United States in 1912, it hit a huge iceberg and sank.

ACTIVITY 11, Steps to Composing, page 30 June 28, 1914, was an extremely important date in the history of the world. On that date, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary was visiting Sarajevo, which is in Bosnia-Herzogovina. While the Archduke was riding through the city with his wife in an open car, a teenager shot the Archduke and the Archduke’s wife. He killed the Archduke and his wife. This single event caused a series of political actions that resulted in the start of World War I. On July 28, Austria- Hungary declared war on Serbia. A week later, Germany, Russia, and France were involved, and Belgium, Montenegro, and Great Britain were also involved. This war lasted four years and resulted in the deaths of millions of people. Most people have heard about this war, although very few actually know how the war began.

ACTIVITY 12, Original Writing, page 31 Answers will vary.

UNIT 3

What Do You Know, page 33 3 For the past two decades, people debated have debated this issue. [Use the present perfect to

show something is continuing into the present.]

7 This paper will examine three ways in which human beings have contribute contributed to

global warming. [Use the past participle with present perfect.]

ACTIVITY 1, page 34

1. have written
2. has existed
3. has not increased
4. has been
5. have not found
6. have won
7. has become
8. have had

ACTIVITY 2, page 36

1. have become
2. has faced
3. have not persuaded
4. has done
5. have suggested
6. has caused
7. has voted
8. has not grown
9. has won
10. have known

ACTIVITY 3, Common Error 3, page 37

1. has been
2. revolves
3. is
4. have
5. have ruled
6. have produced
7. has had
8. do not sneeze

ACTIVITY 4, Common Error 3, page 38

1. Singapore and Malaysia used to be one country, but Singapore has been independent since their separation in 1965.
2. China is a very big country, but it has had only one time zone since 1949.

ACTIVITY 8, Steps to Composing, page 42 Since opening its doors in 1990, Murray College has helped more than 10,000 students graduate. While the majority of them entered the workforce almost immediately, a good number of these students entered graduate programs. Therefore, it is not surprising that Murray College is frequently ranked as one of the best colleges in the country. Why does Murray College rank so high? First of all, students and their parents are very satisfied with Murray College’s excellent job placement rate. The second reason involves money. Despite the rising cost of everything today, tuition at Murray has remained relatively low. Finally, students appreciate having smaller classes with helpful professors who take a strong interest in student success. Since it opened over a decade ago, graduates from Murray College have said that the college was an excellent investment in their future.

ACTIVITY 9, Original Writing, page 43 Answers will vary.

UNIT 4

What Do You Know?, page 45 3 The study will to seek to will seek to identify the types of campus resources available to these

students and how often the students use them. [Future form is will + base verb.]

7 The study takes place will take place / is going to take place during the upcoming fall

semester. [For future form, we use will + base verb or be going to + base verb. We know it is future because of the phrase during the upcoming fall semester.]

ACTIVITY 1, page 47

1. C; will continue
2. C; are going to study
3. X; Consumers are more comfortable shopping online when they know the companies will not to make will not make personal information available to other businesses.
4. C; may provide
5. C; will not become
6. X; Although many Alzheimer’s patients lose the ability to speak, art therapy may to help may help them communicate.
7. C; are going to survive
8. X; Reducing financial aid for students in need will to force will force many of them to leave college.

ACTIVITY 2, page 49

1. a. will pay
2. b. are going to take
3. d. may provide
4. a. will [definitely] give
5. b. will help
6. d. may need
7. b. will become
8. c. will require

ACTIVITY 3, Common Error 4, page 50

1. will describe; will evaluate
2. will find; may help
3. will likely result
4. may be
5. may lead
6. will guide
7. may confirm
8. may need

ACTIVITY 4, Common Error 4, page 51

1. will face; will definitely benefit
2. will not disappear
3. will save or may save; will increase or may increase
4. will help or may help
5. will find; may lead
6. will not benefit
7. may mean; may confirm
8. will stop; may not recover or will not recover

ACTIVITY 5, Common Error 4, page 52 3 Results from previous studies show that if students will test test themselves before taking an

exam, they will do better on the exam. 7 The experiment will begin as soon as there will be are 50 volunteers. 8 When the students will work work in their assigned groups, they will keep logs of their study

habits, test scores, and end-of-term grades.

1. The National Highway Safety Administration predicts that the number of people who will die in traffic accidents this year will be approximately 8 percent higher than last year’s number.

ACTIVITY 9, Steps to Composing, pages 56– For this psychology project, my research partner and I will recreate the change blindness experiment from chapter 7 in our textbook. This experiment tests how well people notice changes that happen. For this experiment, I will stand behind the checkout desk in the library and hand out a short library survey and a pencil to students when they check out books. When I hand them the pencil, I will accidentally drop it. When I bend down to get the pencil, my partner, who is down behind the desk out of sight, will stand up and give the pencil to the student while I stay down and out of sight. After the student leaves, we will record whether the student noticed the change and whether the student said anything. The differences between us are going to be very obvious. My partner and I do not resemble each other. He is 5 feet 10 inches and has dark brown hair and a mustache, while I am 5 feet 8 inches with light brown hair and no mustache. In addition, we will both wear different shirts. We predict that many of the students will not realize that they have interacted with two different people.

ACTIVITY 10, Original Writing, page 57 Answers will vary.

UNIT 5

What Do You Know?, page 59 2 The earliest written record of this saying was at in the 1860s. [With years, use the preposition

in.]

5 Apples are also good for our digestion because they are full by of fiber. [The correct preposition

is of.]

ACTIVITY 1, pages 60-

1. Many businesses are not giving employee salary raises at this time due to a lack of funding.
2. The many employees at the Riviera Bank lost their jobs after the National Bank purchased the Riviera Bank in November.
3. In the last decade, temperatures at the North Pole have been unusually warm.
4. One of the greatest health threats in the United States is skin cancer.
5. The article discusses the differences in laws with regard to e-cigarettes.
6. In Alaska, the Northern Lights, or Aurora Borealis, are often visible in the winter because of the extreme darkness.
7. The new transportation report shows the growth in the number of people taking the new buses from the city center.
8. Spanish, which started in the Castile region of Spain, is an example of a Romance language.

ACTIVITY 2, page 61

1. The government announced that unemployment was at its lowest point in the last decade.
2. Recent research shows that people remember information that they read in print format better than information they read in digital format.
3. The inspectors found that many bridges that were built before the early 1900s needed repairs.
4. Most international students experience culture shock. For this reason, these students should learn about culture shock.
5. In the United States, most public holidays are on Mondays rather than on the anniversaries of the events they honor.
6. A cupcake with icing may contain up to 300 calories.

ACTIVITY 3, page 63

1. on; location
2. instead of; logical relationship
3. into; direction
4. in; logical relationship
5. as soon as; time
6. at; location
7. into; direction
8. In; time

ACTIVITY 4, page 63

1. the current problem of
2. resulted in
3. be addicted to
4. interested in
5. a major source of
6. consists of
7. accuses you of
8. the current problem of

ACTIVITY 5, Common Error 5, page 64

1. of; in
2. on
3. for; in
4. in
5. Swans are not only very beautiful and graceful birds, but they are also very loyal animals. Most swans find a mate and stay together since for many years, sometimes even for life. [The preposition for is often used with amounts of time. Since is always followed by the date that something starts to happen.]
6. Procrastinators are not particular particularly lazy. In fact, they can be quite hardworking and creative people. They usually have no trouble finding a lot of things to do, as long as it is not the one thing that they are supposed to be doing. [The adverb particularly describes the adjective lazy.]
7. Becoming physically fit is one of the many ways that people can benefit from do from playing sports. In addition, sports are beneficial for people’s mental and emotional health. [Use a gerund form after a verb + preposition combination such as can benefit from.]

ACTIVITY 10, Building Greater Sentences, page 69 Answers may vary.

1. The northern lights appear in the northern region of Norway in late autumn, winter, and early spring.
2. In general, products located near the front of supermarkets sell more quickly because of their location.
3. Twitter is so popular all over the world now that there are hundreds of millions of tweets a day, and hundreds of billions of tweets a year.

ACTIVITY 11, Steps to Composing, page 70 Different cultures view the process of aging in diverse / a variety of ways. In many western cultures, youth is admired and aging is feared. People try to hide the fact that they are aging in a variety of different ways. For example, some people color their hair in order to hide the gray and others go to even more extreme lengths by having plastic surgery done on their faces and bodies to make them appear younger than they are. In addition, senior citizens who can no longer take care of themselves often go to live in homes or communities where professional caretakers can care for them. In other cultures, such as many eastern societies, however, things are very different. Age is respected rather than feared. People in those cultures, for example, tend to think of older people as wise and worthy of respect. The wrinkles on their faces are seen more as a symbol of valuable experience rather than simply as fading beauty. In these cultures, instead of putting their aging parents in specialized homes or hospitals, they often bring them into their own homes and care for them themselves.

ACTIVITY 12, Original Writing, page 71 Answers will vary.

UNIT 6

What Do You Know?, page 73 5 It can to cause children to lose confidence in their ability to read and in their ability to learn in

general. [Can is followed by the base form of a verb, not an infinitive with to.]

8 However, teachers should to encourage their students to read when they show interest rather

than force them to read before they are ready. [Should is followed by the base form of a verb, not an infinitive with to.]

Activity 1, page 75

1. may not cure; can help
2. must consider, can [safely] invest
3. Should [athletes] earn
4. have to find
5. may have to change
6. cannot own; should have
7. would not be
8. supposed to stay

Activity 2, page 75

1. would not be
2. should always be
3. might not
4. did not have to
5. might result
6. can often help
7. should use
8. not supposed to

Activity 3, page 77

1. should
2. did not have to
3. could
4. were not able to
5. will have to; cannot
6. should not
7. had to
8. must

Activity 4, page 77 Answers may vary.

1. would be
2. must take
3. have to
4. can help

Activity 9, Review Quiz, page 82

1. c
2. d
3. a
4. a
5. a
6. Nowadays, computers can be able to can/are able to read people’s body language from computer users’ movements, which computer scientists are saying could be very helpful in the development of robots. [Use either can or are able to + read, but not both.]
7. The scientists who found the Jurassic dinosaur eggs in China in 2010 know knew immediately that this discovery would help them to answer some important questions. [Simple past is used with a past event.]
8. Three-dimensional printing has become a reality faster than many thought possible. Businesses can now choose from several different models, and experts think they will soon to be be inexpensive enough for homeowners to purchase. [Future form is will + base form of verb.]

Activity 10, Building Greater Sentences, page 83 Answers may vary.

1. Honeybees are dying in huge numbers and need our protection because without honeybees pollinating one-third of all food crops, we may not have enough food to eat.
2. Being a film critic seems like it may be a perfect job for people who love movies, but successful film critics need to know a lot about film making and journalism.
3. E-mail can be very distracting and can prevent you from working efficiently, so experts say you should turn off the e-mail beep sound that signals a new e-mail.

Activity 11, Steps to Composing, page 84 Money and the way we use it is changing. The money we use in the future might not exist in paper form at all. Already people are using cash less and less. People like to keep cash in their wallets for small purchases, but most people would prefer to use credit or debit cards for everything else. Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin may be the money of the future. In fact, Bitcoin is already in use in various places such as Scandinavia. Another alternative to cash and credit cards is the use of mobile payments. With mobile payments, smartphones can act like credit cards. Before too long, credit cards, cash, and checks could be a thing of the past.

Activity 12, page 85

Answers will vary.

UNIT 7

What Do You Know?, page 87 1 Eduardo Kobra is a famous Brazilian street artist which who paints enormous murals on

buildings. [We use the pronouns who or that for people.]

7 Kobra also paints scenes that make statements about topics such as war, pollution,

deforestation, and other important social issues. [The adjective clause is missing the relative pronoun for the subject of the clause.]