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UNIT 7. TELEVISION A. VOCABULARY Word Meaning Picture Example comedy /ˈkɒmədi/ [n.] phim hài The comedy is so funny! Phim hài này buồn cười quá! documentary /ˌdɒkjuˈmentri/ [n.] phim tài liệu The documentary seems not to attract the young audience. Phim tài liệu dường như không thu hút khán giả trẻ tuổi. game show /ɡeɪm ʃəʊ/ [n.] chương trình/ buổi truyền hình giải trí This channel has many game shows. Kênh này có rất nhiều chương trình truyền hình giải trí. schedule /ˈskedʒuːl/ [n.] chương trình, lịch trình The TV schedules are filled with interesting films. Lịch trình trên TV toàn là những phim hấp dẫn. educate /ˈedʒukeɪt/ [v.] giáo dục, dạy The programme educates people on the habits of animals. Chương trình này dạy mọi người về các thói quen của các loài động vật. newsreader /,njuːzridə[r]/ [n.] người đọc bản tin trên đài truyền hình She works as a newsreader on VTV3. Cô ấy là một người đọc bản tin truyền hình trên VTV3. weatherman /'weðəmæn/ [n.] nam MC dự báo thời tiết The weatherman is telling people about the storm tonight. Nam MC dự báo thời tiết đang đưa ra những dự báo về cơn bão tối nay. character /ˈkærəktə[r]/ [n.] nhân vật trong phim hoặc truyện Tom and Jerry are two famous cartoon characters in many countries. Tom và Jerry là hai nhân vật hoạt hình nổi tiếng tại nhiều quốc gia. adventure /ədˈventʃə[r]/ [n.] cuộc phiêu lưu Do you like the cartoon “The adventure of yellow bee”? Bạn có thích bộ phim hoạt hình “Cuộc phiêu lưu của ong vàng” không? audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ [n.] khán giả Millions of audiences all over the world enjoy this programme. Hàng triệu khán giả trên toàn thế giới yêu thích chương trình này. fair /feə[r]/ [n.] hội chợ, chợ phiên Pig racing is an attraction at many fairs in Australia and America. Đua lợn có sức hút tại các hội chợ ở Úc và Mĩ. manner /ˈmænə[r]/ [n.] tác phong, phong cách, cách cư xử He has a friendly manner. Anh ấy có cách cư xử rất thân thiện. musical /ˈmjuːzɪkl/ [n.] nhạc kịch Did you watch the musical tonight? Bạn đã xem buổi nhạc kịch tối nay chưa? viewer /ˈvjuːə[r]/ [n.] người xem [TV] The programme attracted millions of viewers. Chương trình truyền hình đó thu hút hàng triệu người xem. B. GRAMMAR I. H/Wh-questions Trong Tiếng Anh, khi chúng ta cần hỏi rõ ràng và cần có câu trả lời cụ thể, ta dùng câu hỏi với các từ để hỏi. Loại câu này còn được gọi là câu hỏi trực tiếp [direct questions]. 1. Các từ để hỏi trong Tiếng Anh Who [Ai] [Chức năng chủ ngữ] Whom [Ai][Chức năng tân ngữ] What [cái gì] Whose [Của ai] Where [Ở đâu] Which [Cái nào] [Hỏi về sự lựa chọn] When [Khi nào] Why [Tại sao] How [Thế nào] How much [Bao nhiêu, giá tiền, số lượng] How many [Bao nhiêu, số lượng] How long [Bao lâu] How far [Bao xa] How old [Bao nhiêu tuổi] How often [Thường xuyên thế nào] What time [Mấy giờ] 2. Các cấu trúc câu hỏi WH thường gặp a. Nguyên tắc đặt câu hỏi - Nếu chưa có trợ động từ thì phải mượn trợ động từ: do/ does/ did - Nếu trợ động từ sẵn có [am/ is/ are/ can/ will/ shall/ could/ would] thì đảo chúng ra trước chủ ngữ, không mượn do/ does/ did nữa. b. Cấu trúc thông thường của loại câu hỏi Wh – questions Từ để hỏi thường được viết ở đầu câu hỏi. từ để hỏi có thể làm tân ngữ [O], bổ ngữ [C] hoặc chủ ngữ [S]. Dạng Cấu trúc Chú ý Dạng 1: Câu hỏi tân ngữ Wh – work + auxiliary + S + V + [object]? Ví dụ: - Where do you live? - What are you doing? - Whom do you meet this morning? - Who are you going with? - Object là danh từ, đại từ đứng sau động từ hoặc giới từ. Dạng 2: Câu hỏi bổ ngữ Wh-word + to be + S + Complement? Ví dụ: - Where is John? - Who are you? - Whose is this umbrella? - Who is the head of your school? - Complement là danh từ hoặc tính từ - động từ be chia theo chủ ngữ Dạng 3: Câu hỏi chủ ngữ Wh-word + V + object? Ví dụ: - Who lives in London with Daisy? - Who teaches you English? - Who is opening the door? - Which is better? - What caused the accident? - Động từ chính luôn được chia theo ngôi thứ ba số ít BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG Bài 1. Chọn từ thích hợp điền vào chỗ trống, một từ có thể dùng nhiều lần. Why How often How long Where How What Who How much When What time Which 1. Where ..do you like? 2. When..do you prefer to study – at night or in the morning? 3. Which . do you prefer – wine or beer? 4. When does this lesson finish? 5. Who ..is the best student in this class? 6. How much .coffee do you drink every day? 7. What is the time? 8. What is the weather like today? 9. Why .don’t you like apple juice? 10. How .about a walk through the forest? 11. How often ..do you play volleyball? 12. What time .do Anne and Betty get to school every day? 13. How ..does your father go to work? 14. When are we going for a holiday by the sea again? 15. Why do you like your coffee? Bài 2. Chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất điền vào chỗ trống 1. Do you know language is spoken in Kenya? A. which B. who C. What D. how 2. is your blood type? A. which B. who C. What D. how 3. do you play tennis? For exercise A. which B. who C. What D. why 4. ..can I buy some milk? At the supermarket. A. which B. where C. What D. how 5. ..much do you weigh? A. which B. who C. What D. how 6. hat is this? It’s my brother’s? A. which B. who C. What D. whose 7. can I park my car? Over there. A. where B. who C. What D. how 8. tall are you? A. which B. who C. What D. how 9. .do you like your tea? I like it with cream and sugar. A. which B. who C. What D. how 10. picture do you prefer – this one or that one? A. which B. who C. What D. how 11. .is that woman? I think she is a teacher. A. which B. who C. What D. how 12. book is this? It’s mine A. which B. who C. What D. whose 13. .do you usually eat lunch? At noon. A. which B. who C. What D. when 14. ..does your father work? At City Hall A. which B. where C. What D. how 15. usually gets up the earliest in your family? A. which B. who C. What D. how 16. .do you think of this hotel? It’s pretty good A. which B. who C. What D. how 17. ..does your father work at that company? Because It’s near our house A. which B. why C. What D. how 18. ..dances the best in your family? A. which B. who C. What D. how Bài 3. Tìm và sửa lỗi sai trong các câu sau 1. What does you like? do 2. Whose computer do you often use? Which 3. Where do that boy come from? does 4. When you do go to the office? do you 5. Does why your brother like this film? Why does 6. Who you usually study with? Who do you 7. How does Susan comes home? come 8. Does Roger play tennis how often? How often does Roger play tennis? 9. Does you always run to school why? Why does 10. Where are you park your bike? do Bài 4. Dựa vào câu trả lời, chọn Wh-word thích hợp điền vào chỗ trống 1. What .do you want to eat? Paste or cheese. 2. How .does John do to the beach? By car 3. How many ..floors does your school have? Four 4. When .do we get up? Early in the morning 5. Where did you family go swimming yesterday? At the club 6. What .do you usually eat for breakfast? Toast and eggs. 7. Where ..does Peter come from? London 8. Who do you usually have lunch with? – My friends 9. When .do they go to school? – In the morning 10. How .does mary come to class? – By bus 11. What time/ When do your sister and you usually get up? – Ten o’clock. 12. Which ..ice – cream does John like? – Chocolate 13. whose ..cap do you often borrow? - My brother’s 14 Why ..does she sometimes come to work late? Because she misses the train. 15. How often .do you go shopping? Once a week. 16. Who is good at English? Tom 17. How .old is her son? - Seven 18. Where .are your posters? Over my bed. 19. How .much is this pullover? Twenty pounds. 20. Which colour is your car? - Red. Bài 5. Sắp xếp các từ sau để tạo thành một câu hoàn chỉnh 1. they/ what / doing/ are? What are they doing? 2. up/ get/ you/ when/ in / the/ morning/ do? When do you get up in the morning? 3. name/ you / do/ spell / how/ your? How do you spell your name? 4. homework / is/ what/ for? What is for homework? 5. does/ Tim/ like/ handball/ why? Why does Tim like handball? 6. do/ what/ the girls / like sports? What sports do the girls like? 7. for/ lunch/ your/ what/ have/ did/ friend? What did your friend have for lunch? 8. Kevin/ saty/ in/ long/ how/ did/ Paris? How long did Kavin stay in Paris? 9. the / what/ weather/ like/ was? What was the weather like? 10. math/ who/ easy/ thinks/ is? Who thinks math is easy? Bài 6. Viết câu hỏi cho những câu trả lời dưới đây, bắt đầu bằng từ cho sẵn. 1. They live in Blooklyn. Where do they live ? 2. The lesson begins at 8 o’clock. What time does the lesson begin ? 3. They get home at 6 o’clock every night. What time do they get home every night.? 4. She speaks French very well. What does she speak well .? 5. Those book costs one dollar. How much do those books cost.? 6. They travel by car. How do they travel..? 7. She wants to learn English because she wants a better job. Whydoes she want to learn English ? 8. They meet on the corner every morning. Where do they meet every morning? 9. She teaches us grammar. What does she teach us? 10. He gets up at seven every morning. When does he get up every morning? 11. Those girls sell newspaper there. What do those girls sell there? II. Liên từ [Conjunctions] Liên từ/ từ nối là từ dùng để kết hợp các từ, cụm từ, mệnh đề hay câu với nhau. Trong đó: Liên từ đẳng lập Liên từ phụ thuộc Chức năng Dùng để nối các từ, cụm từ cùng một loại, hoặc các mệnh đề ngang hàng nhau [tính từ với tính từ, danh từ với danh từ ] Dùng để nối cụm từ, nhóm từ Hoặc mệnh đề có chức năng khác nhau – mệnh đề phụ với mệnh đề chính trong câu. Vị trí - Luôn luôn đứng giữa 2 từ hoặc 2 mệnh đề mà nó liên kết. - nếu nối các mệnh đề độc lập thì luôn có dấu phảy đứng trước liên từ. - Thường đứng đầu mệnh đề phụ. - Mệnh đề phụ thuộc có thể đứng trước hoặc sau mệnh đề chính nhưng phải luôn được bắt đầu bằng một liên từ. Các liên từ - Chỉ sự thêm vào: and [và] - Chỉ sự tương phản đối lập: but [nhưng] - Chỉ kết quả: so [vì vậy, cho nên] - Chỉ sự lựa chọn: or [hoặc] - Chỉ nguyên nhân, lí do; because [Bởi vì] - Chỉ hai hành động trái ngược nhau về mặt loogic: although [mặc dù] Ví dụ - I’ll come and see you soon. - His mother won’t be there, but his father might. - It is raining, so I can’t go camping - Last night we came late because it rained heavily. - Although the car is old, it is still reliable. BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG Bài 7. Chon đáp án thích hợp để điền vào chỗ trống. 1. I like English I like French very much. A. and B. but C. or D. so 2. My brother likes maths .he doesn’t like history. A. and B. but C. or D. so 3. The children forgot their homework, ..the teacher was angry with them. A. and B. but C. or D. so 4. Can you read .write English words? A. and B. but C. or D. so 5. Are the questions right ..wrong? A. and B. but C. or D. so 6. It’ s great it’s fun. A. and B. but C. or D. so 7. Would ou like tea ..hot chocolate for your breakfast? A. and B. but C. or D. so 8. Our car is old, ..it drives beautifully. A. and B. but C. or D. so 9. It was very warm, we all went swimming. A. and B. but C. or D. so 10. Do we have French .music after the break? A. and B. but C. or D. so 11. I like sugar in my tea, .I don’t like milk in it. A. and B. but C. or D. so 12. We were very tired .happy after our flight to Sydney. A. and B. but C. or D. so 13. Jeawon was cold, he put on a coat. A. and B. but C. or D. so 14. Julia has a guitar, .she plays it really well. A. and B. but C. or D. so 15. Maria tried to read a novel in French, .it was too difficult. A. and B. but C. or D. so 16. He lives in london, he studies at a college. A. and B. but C. or D. so 17. You can go to the tourist office ask them for any information you need. A. and B. but C. or D. so 18. Does Miss Smith like the red boots .the black and white sandals? A. and B. but C. or D. so 19. Lynda likes Tom he is in love with Annette. A. and B. but C. or D. so 20. Geraldine Chaplin is a great actress she is less well – known than father Charlie Chaplin. A. and B. but C. or D. so Bài 8. Nối mệnh đề ở cột A với mệnh đề ở cột B sao cho câu có ý nghĩa, sau đó viết lại câu. A B 1. We wanted to go to the show Because they are quick and easy . 2. I often make omelettes Although they are not film very healthy 3. Shall we go to the cinema? And watch that film you were talking about. 4. Burgers are very tasty But there weren’t any seats left. 5. My neighbors are friendly Or at the football match? 6. Do you know if he’s at home Because he laughs in his sleep. 7. Pick me up early, please? But they are noisy. 8. We know he has great dreams. So we don’t get there late. 1. We wanted to go to the show but there weren’t any seats left. 2. I often make omelettes because they are quick and easy . 3. Shall we go to the cinema and watch that film you were talking about ? 4. Burgers are very tasty although they are not film very healthy. 5. My neighbors are friendly but they are noisy. 6. Do you know if he’s at home or at the football match? 7. Pick me up early, please, so we don’t get there late. 8. We know he has great dreams because he laughs in his sleep. Bài 9. Khoanh tròn vào liên từ thích hợp trong mỗi câu sau. 1. I’d love to stay [so/ and/ but] I have to catch my bus. 2. His hot chocolate was too hot [so/ and/ but] he put some cold milk in it. 3. [Or/Although/Because] we had an umbrella, we got extremely wet. 4. I only passed my exam [because/ but/ although] you helped me. 5. They were hungry [but/ because/ so] they made some sanwiches. 6. We can go to the pool [and/ but/ or] we can go horse-riding, whichever you prefer. 7. She didn’t want him to see her [and/ so/ although] she hid behind a plant. 8. He’s in the town centre [so/ because/ but] he wants to look for shoes. 9. I’m definitely coming tonight, [or/ because/ although] I could be a bit late. 10. We can go to the shop before we go to Clare’s house [and/ or/ so] go to Clare’s house forst to see if she needs anything. What do you think? Bài 10. Chọn liên từ thích hợp [and/ so/ but/ because] rồi điền vào chỗ trống 1. I like coffee but ..I don’t like tea. 2. I cannot swim but I can ski. 3. I want a new TV because ..the one I have now is broken. 4. I had to work on Saturday so I couldn’t go to John’s party. 5. My name is Jame and ..I’m your new teacher. 6. I was cold so .I turned on the heater. 7. We’ll have to go shopping because we have nothing for dinner. 8. The history test was difficult but the English one was easy. 9. We didn’t go to the beach yesterday because it was raining. 10. we have a test on Monday so I’ll have to study this weekend. 11. She can speak French, but ..she can’t write it. 12. She’s working late next Friday, so .she can’t come to the party. 13. In summer we wear light clothes because the weather is hot. 14. I have a tooth ache so .I must see a dentist as early as I can. 15. It is rainy and windy today. 16. He doesn’t play the guitar, but .he plays the drum. 17. I like walking although ..I never go to school on foot because ..it is 10 miles away from home. 18. My son is calm and ..easy – going but ..my daughter is very moody so they never agree together. 19. I am English but ..I live in the USA because .I work with a company there. 20. I love painting and .fishing because they teach me concentration. 21. Jane hates swimming although .she spends her summer holidays on the beach but .she loves sunbathing. 22. It is always rainy in winter so .you should always take an umbrella with you. 23. Fast foods are delicious but ..usually unhealthy so .people should avoid them. 24. Peter is obese so .the doctor advised him to practise sport regularly. 25. Parents and ..children should have good relationships. Bài 11. Viết lại các câu sau, sử dụng các từ trong ngoặc. 1. I don’t eat cheese. I don’t eat butter. [or] I don’t eat cheese or butter 2. I like him. He’s annoying. [but] He’s annoying but I like him. 3. We’re having salad for lunch. We’re not very hungry. [so] We’re not very hungry so we’re having salad for lunch 4. She doesn’t use much suncream. She has very pale skin. [although] Although she doesn’t use much suncream, she has very pale skin. 5. This tear, he’s been to China. He has also been to Brazil. [and] This tear, he’s been to China and Brazil. 6. Would you like to go to Paris? Would you rather go to Budapest? [or] Would you like to go to Paris or Budapest? 7. He’s very tired today. He went to bed very late last night. [because] He’s very tired today because he went to bed very late last night. 8. It looks very near. It’s quite a long way away. [although] Although it looks very near, it’s quite a long way away. BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO Bài 12. Viết các câu sau dựa vào các từ cho sẵn 1. Which soup/ you/ like? - I/ like/ chicken soup Which soup do you like? I like chicken soup. 2. Where/ Ann/ usually/ go/ in the evening? - She/ usually/ go/ to the cinema. Where does Ann usually go in the evening? - She usually goes to the cinema. 3. Who/ Carol and Bill/ visit/ on Sundays? - They/ visit/ their grandparents. Who do Carol and Bill visit on Sundays? - They visit their grandparents. 4. What/ David/ usually drink/ with/ his breakfast? - He/ usually/ drink/ coffee. What does David usually drink with his breakfast? - He usually drinks coffee. 5. When/ you / watch TV? - I / watch TV/ in the evening. When do you watch TV? - I watch TV in the evening. 6. Why/ Rachel/ stay/ in bed? - She/ stay/ in bed/ because/ she/ be/ sick. Why does Rachel stay in bed? - She stays in bed because she is sick. 7. How/ you/ go/ to the office? - I/ go/ to the office/ by bicycle. How do you go to the office? - I go to the office by bicycle. 8. Whose laptop/ your sister / carry? - She / carry/ mine. Whose laptop does your sister carry? - She carries mine. Bài 13. Đặt câu hỏi cho các cụm từ được gạch chân dưới đây 1. Minh usually takes exercises after getting up. When does Minh usually take exercises? 2. I brush my teeth twice a day. How often do you brush your teeth? 3. Nga has an appointment at 10.30 this morning. What time does Nga has an appointment this morning? 4. They live in the city center. Where do they live? 5. I like “Tom and Jerry” because it’s very interesting. Why do you like Tom and Jerry? 6. She is worried about the next examination. How does she feel about the next examination? 7. Music makes people different from all other animals. What makes people different from all other animals. 8. They do their homework at night. When do they do their homework? 9. I like the red blouse, not the blue one. Which one do you like, the red blouse or the blue one? 10. That is an English book. What is that? 11. He studies piano at the university. Where does he study piano? 12. My father is a teacher. What does your father do? 13. My favorite musician is Trinh Cong Son. Who is your favorite musician? 14. We take a holiday once a year. How often do you take a holiday? 15. It takes four hours to get there. How long does it take to get there? 16. He earns a hundred pounds a week. How much does he earn a week? 17. This book is 30,000 dong. How much is this book? 18. The car is expensive. How is the car? Bài 14. Hoàn thành câu sau sử dụng các liên từ [although/ because/ but/ so] 1. Although .Norway is a beautiful country, it is very cold in winter. 2. It is warm and sunny today so we are going to the beach. 3. The car is very old but .it is reliable. 4. today is my daughter’s birthday, so I need to buy her a present. 5. You should take an umbrella because it is going to rain. 6. Thhe camera is very expensive but .it is very good. 7. I love chips although .it is not healthy. 8. His mother is not feeling well, so ..he needs to take care of her. 9. Your marks in English are low because ..you don’t study hard enough. 10. Although .he is a good ski instructor, I don’t like him very much. 11. I’d like to go with you but I’m too busy right now. 12. There are no buses this hour, so we need to catch a taxi. 13. Although ..it rains a lot in winter, I like walking the dog in the park. 14. He fails his driving test, so he needs to do it again. 15. We invites them to the party but ..they don’t want to come. 16. I don’t like the concert because the band doesn’t play well. 17. We don’t go on holiday because we don’t have a lot of money. 18. I want to buy a car because I need it for my job. 19. I’m learning French because .I want to live in Paris. 20. Although ..he’s got a car, he never drives to work. Bài 15. Sắp xếp các từ sau để tạo thành câu hoàn chỉnh 1. accident/ an/ she’s/ in/ because/ hospital/ she/ had. She’s in hospital because she had an accident. 2. but/ they/ many/ work/ don’t/ hours/ they/ have/ money/ much. They work many hours but they don’t have much money. 3. asked/ Paul/ me/ question,/ a/ replied/ I / so. Paul asked me a question, so I replied. 4. buy/ I/ peppers/ potatoes. / and/ tomatoes, I buy peppers, potatoes and tomoatoes. 5. them/ apple/ can/ have/ an/ or/ a/ ./ She/ have/ both/ ./ She/ mango/ can’t/ of She can have an apple or a mango. She can’t have both of them. 6. can/ piano/ . / Karthik/ play/ but/ he/ play/ the/ can’t/ the/ violin Karthik can play the piano but he can’t play the violin. 7. hard – working/ is/ but/ her/ is/ lazy/ ./ She/ very/ brother She ia hard – working but her brother is very lazy. 8. clever/ is/ and/ beautiful/ . / She She is clever and beautiful. 9. shirt/ can/ the/ blue/ or/ take/ green/ shirt/ . / You/ the You can take a blue shirt or the green shirt. 10. am/ sister/ talk/ I/ short/ . / My/ is/ but I am short but my sister is tall. Bài 16. Đọc đoạn văn và trả lời câu hỏi HOW CAN WE KEEP OUR TEETH HEALTHY Firstly, we ought to visit our dentist twice a year. He can fill the small holes in our teeth before they destroy the teeth. He can examine our teeth to check that they are growing in the right way. Unfortunately, many people wait until they have toothache before they see a dentist. Secondly, we should brush our teeth with a toothbrush and flouride tooth paste at least twice a day – once after breakfast and once before we go to bed. We can also use wooden toothpicks to clean between our teeth after a meal. Thirdly, we should eat food that is good for our teeth and our body such as milk, cheese, fish, brown bread, potatoes, red rice, raw vegetables, and fresh fruit. Chocolate, sweets, biscuits and cakes are bad, especially when we eat them between meals. They are harmful because they stick to our teeth and cause decay. 1. How often should we visit our dentist a year? We should visit our dentist twice a year. 2. What should we brush our teeth with? We should brush our teeth with a toothbrush and flouride tooth paste 3. What else we can use to clean between our teeth after a meal? We can also use wooden toothpicks to clean between our teeth after a meal. 4. What kinds of food are good for our teeth? Milk, cheese, fish, brown bread, potatoes, red rice, raw vegetables, and fresh fruit 5. What kinds of food are bad for our teeth? Chocolate, sweets, biscuits and cakes are bad