This activity contains 44 questions.
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| Which of the following correctly states the relationship between anabolic and catabolic pathways? []
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| Organisms are described as thermodynamically open systems. Which of the following statements is consistent with this description? []
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| Consider the growth of a farmer's crop over a season. Which of the following correctly states a limitation imposed by the first or second law of thermodynamics? []
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| Which of the following states the relevance of the first law of thermodynamics to biology? []
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| Which of the following is an example of the second law of thermodynamics as it applies to biological reactions? []
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| According to the second law of thermodynamics, which of the following is true? []
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| If the entropy of a living organism is decreasing, which of the following is most likely to be occurring simultaneously? []
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| Which of the following has the most free energy per molecule? []
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| Which part of the equation ΔG = ΔH – TΔS tells you if a process is spontaneous? []
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| If, during a process, the system becomes more ordered, then __________. []
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| When one molecule is broken down into six component molecules, which of the following will always be true? []
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| From the equation ΔG = ΔH – TΔS it is clear that __________. []
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| An exergonic [spontaneous] reaction is a chemical reaction that __________. []
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| Which of the following reactions would be endergonic? []
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| Molecules A and B contain 110 kcal/mol of free energy, and molecules B and C contain 150 kcal/mol of energy. A and B are converted to C and D. What can be concluded? []
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| Which of the following determines the sign of ΔG for a reaction? []
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| Metabolic pathways in cells are typically far from equilibrium. Which of the following processes tend[s] to keep these pathways away from equilibrium? []
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| The free energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP can be used to perform many kinds of cellular work. Which of the following is an example of the cellular work involved in the production of electrochemical gradients? []
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| In general, the hydrolysis of ATP drives cellular work by __________. []
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| Which of the following statements correctly describes some aspect of ATP hydrolysis being used to drive the active transport of an ion into the cell AGAINST the ion's concentration gradient? [ and ]
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| Much of the suitability of ATP as an energy intermediary is related to the instability of the bonds between the phosphate groups. These bonds are unstable because __________. []
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| When 1 mole of ATP is hydrolyzed in a test tube without an enzyme, about twice as much heat is given off as when 1 mole of ATP is hydrolyzed in a cell. Which of the following best explains these observations? []
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| Which of the following best characterizes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism? []
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| The formation of glucose-6-phosphate from glucose is an endergonic reaction and is coupled to which of the following reactions or pathways? []
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| A chemical reaction is designated as exergonic rather than endergonic when __________. [ and ]
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| Which of the following is changed by the presence of an enzyme in a reaction? [ and ]
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| What do the sign and magnitude of the ΔG of a reaction tell us about the speed of the reaction? [ and ]
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| How do enzymes lower activation energy? []
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| Which of the following statements about enzymes is/are true? []
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| Which of the following statements about enzyme function is correct? []
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| A plot of reaction rate [velocity] against temperature for an enzyme indicates little activity at 10°C and 45°C, with peak activity at 35°C. The most reasonable explanation for the low velocity at 10°C is that __________. []
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| Which of the following statements about enzymes is INCORRECT? []
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| Which of the following statements about the active site of an enzyme is correct? []
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| What is meant by the "induced fit" of an enzyme? []
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| Which of the following statements correctly describe[s] the role or roles of heat in biological reactions? []
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| Above a certain substrate concentration, the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction drops as the enzymes become saturated. Which of the following would lead to a faster conversion of substrate into product under these saturated conditions? []
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| Which of the following environments or actions would NOT affect the rate of an enzyme reaction? []
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| Enzyme activity is affected by pH because __________. []
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| Which of these statements about enzyme inhibitors is true? []
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| Succinylcholine is structurally almost identical to acetylcholine. If succinylcholine is added to a mixture that contains acetylcholine and the enzyme that hydrolyzes acetylcholine [but not succinylcholine], the rate of acetylcholine hydrolysis is decreased. Subsequent addition of more acetylcholine restores the original rate of acetylcholine hydrolysis. Which of the following correctly explains this observation? []
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| The process of stabilizing the structure of an enzyme in its active form by the binding of a molecule outside the active site is an example of __________. []
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| Which of the following statements about allosteric proteins is/are true? []
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| The binding of an allosteric inhibitor to an enzyme causes the rate of product formation by the enzyme to decrease. Which of the following best explains why this decrease occurs? []
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| Under most conditions, the supply of energy by catabolic pathways is regulated by the demand for energy by anabolic pathways. Considering the role of ATP formation and hydrolysis in energy coupling of anabolic and catabolic pathways, which of the following statements is most likely to be true? []
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Answer choices in this exercise appear in a different order each time the page is loaded.
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What is true about catabolic pathways?
Catabolic pathways involve the breakdown of nutrient molecules [Food: A, B, C] into usable forms [building blocks]. In this process, energy is either stored in energy molecules for later use, or released as heat.
Which statement best describes what catabolic pathways do?
Which of the following statements best describes catabolic pathways? They are exergonic and provide energy that can be used to produce ATP from ADP and phosphate.
Which pathways are catabolic?
Glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain are catabolic pathways that bring forth non-reversible reactions.
What is true about an anabolic pathway?
Anabolic pathways are those that require energy to synthesize larger molecules. Catabolic pathways are those that generate energy by breaking down larger molecules. Both types of pathways are required for maintaining the cell's energy balance.