List method Python

Python 3 List Methods & Functions

  • String Methods
  • Numeric Operations

List of list methods and functions available in Python 3.

List Methods

MethodDescriptionExamples
append[x]

Adds an item [x] to the end of the list. This is equivalent to a[len[a]:] = [x].

Result
['bee', 'moth'] ['bee', 'moth', 'ant']
extend[iterable]

Extends the list by appending all the items from the iterable. This allows you to join two lists together. This method is equivalent to a[len[a]:] = iterable.

Result
['bee', 'moth'] ['bee', 'moth', 'ant', 'fly']
insert[i, x]

Inserts an item at a given position. The first argument is the index of the element before which to insert. For example, a.insert[0, x] inserts at the front of the list.

Result
['bee', 'moth'] ['ant', 'bee', 'moth'] ['ant', 'bee', 'fly', 'moth']
remove[x]

Removes the first item from the list that has a value of x. Returns an error if there is no such item.

Result
['bee', 'moth', 'ant'] ['bee', 'ant']
pop[[i]]

Removes the item at the given position in the list, and returns it. If no index is specified, pop[] removes and returns the last item in the list.

Result
['bee', 'moth', 'ant'] ['bee', 'moth'] ['bee', 'moth', 'ant'] ['bee', 'ant']
clear[]

Removes all items from the list. Equivalent to del a[:].

Result
['bee', 'moth', 'ant'] []
index[x[, start[, end]]]

Returns the position of the first list item that has a value of x. Raises a ValueError if there is no such item.

The optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in the slice notation and are used to limit the search to a particular subsequence of the list. The returned index is computed relative to the beginning of the full sequence rather than the start argument.

Result
1 3
count[x]

Returns the number of times x appears in the list.

Result
1 2 0
sort[key=None, reverse=False]

Sorts the items of the list in place. The arguments can be used to customize the operation.

keySpecifies a function of one argument that is used to extract a comparison key from each list element. The default value is None [compares the elements directly].reverseBoolean value. If set to True, then the list elements are sorted as if each comparison were reversed.
Result
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1] ['ant', 'bee', 'moth', 'wasp'] ['bee', 'wasp', 'butterfly'] ['butterfly', 'wasp', 'bee']
reverse[]

Reverses the elements of the list in place.

Result
[1, 4, 2, 5, 6, 3] ['ant', 'moth', 'wasp', 'bee']
copy[]

Returns a shallow copy of the list. Equivalent to a[:].

Use the copy[] method when you need to update the copy without affecting the original list. If you don't use this method [eg, if you do something like list2 = list1], then any updates you do to list2 will also affect list1.

The example at the side demonstrates this.

Result
['bee', 'wasp', 'moth', 'ant'] ['bee', 'wasp', 'moth', 'ant'] ['bee', 'wasp', 'moth'] ['bee', 'wasp', 'moth', 'ant']

List Functions

The following Python functions can be used on lists.

MethodDescriptionExamples
len[s]

Returns the number of items in the list.

The len[] function can be used on any sequence [such as a string, bytes, tuple, list, or range] or collection [such as a dictionary, set, or frozen set].

Result
3
list[[iterable]]

The list[] constructor returns a mutable sequence list of elements. The iterable argument is optional. You can provide any sequence or collection [such as a string, list, tuple, set, dictionary, etc]. If no argument is supplied, an empty list is returned.

Strictly speaking, list[[iterable]] is actually a mutable sequence type.

Result
[] [] ['bee', 'moth', 'ant'] [['bee', 'moth'], ['ant']] ['b', 'e', 'e'] ['I', 'am', 'a', 'tuple'] ['am', 'I', 'a', 'set']

max[iterable, *[, key, default]]

or

max[arg1, arg2, *args[, key]]

Returns the largest item in an iterable [eg, list] or the largest of two or more arguments.

The key argument specifies a one-argument ordering function like that used for sort[].

The default argument specifies an object to return if the provided iterable is empty. If the iterable is empty and default is not provided, a ValueError is raised.

If more than one item shares the maximum value, only the first one encountered is returned.

Result
moth wasp [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

min[iterable, *[, key, default]]

or

min[arg1, arg2, *args[, key]]

Returns the smallest item in an iterable [eg, list] or the smallest of two or more arguments.

The key argument specifies a one-argument ordering function like that used for sort[].

The default argument specifies an object to return if the provided iterable is empty. If the iterable is empty and default is not provided, a ValueError is raised.

If more than one item shares the minimum value, only the first one encountered is returned.

Result
bee ant [1, 2, 3, 4]

range[stop]

or

range[start, stop[, step]]

Represents an immutable sequence of numbers and is commonly used for looping a specific number of times in for loops.

It can be used along with list[] to return a list of items between a given range.

Strictly speaking, range[] is actually a mutable sequence type.

Result
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] [51, 52, 53, 54, 55] [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
  • String Methods
  • Numeric Operations

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