What is the postganglionic neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system?
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Postganglionic autonomic neurons have their cell body in an Autonomic ganglion and an axon that extends out to a target organ. These neurons regulate activity of most organs of the body by releasing combinations of neurotransmitters. Postganglionic neurotransmitters are released from multiple swellings along the axons, or varicosities, separated from the target cell membrane by gaps of 20–100 nm to form neuroeffector junctions (Fig. 1). Show
Postganglionic Neurotransmitter. Figure 1  Example of two types of postganglionic neurons releasing multiple neurotransmitters in a single blood vessel. Co-transmitters stored in and released from varicosities of postganglionic vasoconstrictor neurons and postganglionic vasodilator neurons into neuroeffector junctions with smooth muscle cells in the uterine artery (see [1]). Large vesicles in vasoconstrictor neurons contain noradrenaline (NA), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), while... This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Buying optionsChapter EUR 29.95 Price includes VAT (Singapore)
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Learn about institutional subscriptions Postganglionic Neurotransmitter. Figure 1 Gibbins IL, Morris JL (2000) Pathway specific expression of neuropeptides and autonomic control of the vasculature. Regul Pept 93:93–107 CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar Baranano DE, Snyder SH (2001) Neural roles for heme oxygenase: contrast to nitric oxide. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 98:10996–11002 CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar Burnstock G (2004) Cotransmission. Curr Opin Pharmacol 4:47–52 CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar Furness JB, Costa M (1987) The enteric nervous system. Churchill Livingston, Edinburgh, p 290 Google Scholar Lundberg JM, Hökfelt T (1986) Multiple coexistence of peptides and classical transmitters in peripheral autonomic and sensory neurons – functional and pharmacological implications. Prog Brain Res 68:241–262 CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar Morris JL, Jobling P, Gibbins IL (2001) Differential inhibition by botulinum neurotoxin A of cotransmitters released from autonomic vasodilator neurons. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 281:H2124–H2132 PubMed CAS Google Scholar Bannister R, Mathias CJ (eds) (1993) Autonomic failure. A textbook of clinical disorders of the autonomic nervous system, 3rd edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford, p 953 Google Scholar Cavill D, Waterman SA, Gordon TP (2003) Antiidiotypic antibodies neutralize autoantibodies that inhibit cholinergic neurotransmission. Arthritis Rheum 12:3597–3602 CrossRef CAS Google Scholar Nelson L, Bachoo P, Holmes J (2005) Botulinum toxin type B: a new therapy for axillary hyperhidrosis. Br J Plast Surg 58:228–232 CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar Gibson A (2001) Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors and nitrergic transmission – from zaprinast to sildenafil. Eur J Pharmacol 41:1–10 CrossRef Google Scholar Download references Author informationAuthors and Affiliations
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Rights and permissionsReprints and Permissions Copyright information© 2009 Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg About this entryCite this entryMorris, J.L., Gibbins, I.L. (2009). Postganglionic Neurotransmitter. In: Binder, M.D., Hirokawa, N., Windhorst, U. (eds) Encyclopedia of Neuroscience. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29678-2_4695 What is the postganglionic neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic system?Acetylcholine and nitric oxide are the major neurotransmitters of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons.
What is the neurotransmitter of sympathetic nervous system?Neurotransmitters. Your sympathetic nervous system uses chemicals called neurotransmitters to communicate. Specifically, these chemicals are norepinephrine, epinephrine and acetylcholine.
What is the preganglionic neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system?The preganglionic nerves synapse in the sympathetic chain, and long postganglionic nerves innervate the final target. Acetylcholine is the preganglionic nerve neurotransmitter, and norepinephrine is the postganglionic neurotransmitter, except for the sweat glands, which have a sympathetic cholinergic innervation.
What is the most sympathetic postganglionic neurons?Most sympathetic postganglionic neurons are adrenergic (meaning they release norepinephrine (NE)), but a few are cholinergic- such as the ones to sweat glands and to smooth muscles of certain blood vessels.
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