Why should a program close a file when its finished using it
Text files are the normal .txt files. You can easily create text files using any simple text editors such as Notepad. Show
When you open those files, you'll see all the contents within the file as plain text. You can easily edit or delete the contents. They take minimum effort to maintain, are easily readable, and provide the least security and takes bigger storage space. 2. Binary filesBinary files are mostly the .bin files in your computer. Instead of storing data in plain text, they store it in the binary form (0's and 1's). They can hold a higher amount of data, are not readable easily, and provides better security than text files. File OperationsIn C, you can perform four major operations on files, either text or binary:
Working with filesWhen working with files, you need to declare a pointer of type file. This declaration is needed for communication between the file and the program.
Opening a file - for creation and editOpening a file is performed using the 2 function defined in the 3 header file.The syntax for opening a file in standard I/O is:
For example,
9Open for reading.If the file does not exist, 2 returns NULL. 1Open for reading in binary mode.If the file does not exist, 2 returns NULL. 3Open for writing.If the file exists, its contents are overwritten.If the file does not exist, it will be created. 4Open for writing in binary mode.If the file exists, its contents are overwritten.If the file does not exist, it will be created. 5Open for append.Data is added to the end of the file.If the file does not exist, it will be created. 6Open for append in binary mode.Data is added to the end of the file.If the file does not exist, it will be created. 7Open for both reading and writing.If the file does not exist, 2 returns NULL. 9Open for both reading and writing in binary mode.If the file does not exist, 2 returns NULL. 1Open for both reading and writing.If the file exists, its contents are overwritten.If the file does not exist, it will be created. 2Open for both reading and writing in binary mode.If the file exists, its contents are overwritten.If the file does not exist, it will be created. 3Open for both reading and appending.If the file does not exist, it will be created. 4Open for both reading and appending in binary mode.If the file does not exist, it will be created.Closing a FileThe file (both text and binary) should be closed after reading/writing. Closing a file is performed using the 5 function.
Here, 6 is a file pointer associated with the file to be closed.Reading and writing to a text fileFor reading and writing to a text file, we use the functions 7 and 8They are just the file versions of 9 and 0. The only difference is that 7 and 2 expects a pointer to the structure FILE.Example 1: Write to a text file
This program takes a number from the user and stores in the file 3.After you compile and run this program, you can see a text file 3 created in C drive of your computer. When you open the file, you can see the integer you entered.Example 2: Read from a text file
This program reads the integer present in the 3 file and prints it onto the screen.If you successfully created the file from Example 1, running this program will get you the integer you entered. Other functions like 6, 7 etc. can be used in a similar way.Reading and writing to a binary fileFunctions 8 and 9 are used for reading from and writing to a file on the disk respectively in case of binary files.Writing to a binary fileTo write into a binary file, you need to use the 9 function. The functions take four arguments:
Example 3: Write to a binary file using fwrite()
In this program, we create a new file 1 in the C drive.We declare a structure 2 with three numbers - n1, n2 and n3, and define it in the main function as num.Now, inside the for loop, we store the value into the file using 9.The first parameter takes the address of num and the second parameter takes the size of the structure 2.Since we're only inserting one instance of num, the third parameter is 5. And, the last parameter 6 points to the file we're storing the data.Finally, we close the file. Reading from a binary fileFunction 8 also take 4 arguments similar to the 9 function as above.
Example 4: Read from a binary file using fread()
In this program, you read the same file 1 and loop through the records one by one.In simple terms, you read one 2 record of 2 size from the file pointed by *fptr into the structure num.You'll get the same records you inserted in Example 3. Getting data using fseek()If you have many records inside a file and need to access a record at a specific position, you need to loop through all the records before it to get the record. This will waste a lot of memory and operation time. An easier way to get to the required data can be achieved using 2.As the name suggests, 2 seeks the cursor to the given record in the file.Syntax of fseek() 0The first parameter stream is the pointer to the file. The second parameter is the position of the record to be found, and the third parameter specifies the location where the offset starts. Different whence in fseek()WhenceMeaning 4Starts the offset from the beginning of the file. 5Starts the offset from the end of the file. 6Starts the offset from the current location of the cursor in the file.Example 5: fseek() 1This program will start reading the records from the file 1 in the reverse order (last to first) and prints it.
Why should a program close a file when it is finished using it Python?You've learned why it's important to close files in Python. Because files are limited resources managed by the operating system, making sure files are closed after use will protect against hard-to-debug issues like running out of file handles or experiencing corrupted data.
Why should you close a file after it is used in C?A file needs to be closed after a read or write operation to release the memory allocated by the program. In C, a file is closed using the fclose() function.
What are the reasons for closing file?You close the file to disconnect the two. When you write into the file, the file may not get modified right away due to buffering. That implies that the memory buffer of the file is modified but the change is not immediately reflected into the file on disk.
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