Which of the following is a benefit of the revolving door system?

Revolving Doors and Electronic Turnstiles

Revolving doors and electronic turnstiles are sometimes used to provide a positive access control. That is, each person must enter and leave using an access credential, and only one person may transit the portal at a time for accountability purposes.

Revolving doors (Fig. 6.15) can be equipped with a special operator that will allow only one person at a time through a rotating (X) pane. Like door operators, revolving doors can be locked between uses, but even when unlocked, they can be controlled by the operator so that only one rotation is permitted. Early revolving door operators were sometimes problematic. However, modern operators by major manufacturers are well developed, and most work well. It is wise to coordinate directly with the manufacturer of the revolving door operator to achieve the desired functions. These may include the following:

Card reader controlled

Remote bypass from a security console

Autoreverse if two or more people enter on one card use

Autoreverse if an unauthorized person attempts to use the door at the same time as an authorized user but from the opposite side of the revolving door

Audio alert of improper use with instructions

Such doors are also available with status alerts on alarm, on reverse, with user count, and other options.

Revolving doors for access control should be configured to the “X” rather than “+” configuration when waiting for next use.

Electronic turnstiles (Fig. 6.16) are similar to the old-fashioned turnstiles used at subways and ballparks, except that the rotating member is replaced by an infrared photo beam that detects when someone passes through. There is also a type of electronic turnstile that uses paddle arms or glass wings to act as a physical barrier. These devices are designed to control access to a commercial or government building with a high degree of speed (throughput) and elegance. Electronic turnstiles must be used with an access control system that can deliver speedy card executions to be accepted by the users. As for revolving doors, the designer should coordinate the specifications carefully with the turnstile manufacturer.

Door and Gate Operators

Door and gate operators are mechanical devices that automatically open and close doors and gates in response to a command. Door operators are common in public buildings and assist in the movement of large numbers of people with little effort or assist handicapped persons through the door. Gate operators are commonly used to automatically open vehicle gates in response to a command.

Door operators are often used with magnetic locks such that the access control system may both unlock and then open a door. This is common at main public and commercial building doors, and this combination is also frequently used where there is a requirement to assist the handicapped. Wherever door operators are used with magnetic locks, it is imperative to sequence the operation such that the door unlocks first and then opens. If this sequencing is not built into the design, the automatic operator may fail after a short period of time. Better door operator companies have incorporated a special circuit for this purpose, but it must be specified. I designed one of the first such interfaces for a major door operator manufacturer. Doors that are in the path of egress must be equipped with safety devices to ensure that a person can exit in an emergency with no special knowledge. This typically means that there must be a labeled push button or some other type of code-approved method of egress. Codes will always prevail on any magnetically locked door. Do not assume that a code from one city is acceptable in another. Know your codes.

Gate operators that are electrically locked must also be interfaced in order to function correctly.

Revolving Doors and Electronic Turnstiles

Revolving doors and electronic turnstiles are sometimes used to provide positive access control. That is, each person must enter and leave using an access credential, and only one person may transit the portal at a time for accountability purposes.

Revolving doors (Fig. 6.15) can be equipped with a special operator that will allow only one person at a time through a rotating (X) pane. Like door operators, revolving doors can be locked between uses, but even when unlocked, they can be controlled by the operator so that only one rotation is permitted. Early revolving door operators were sometimes problematic. However, modern operators by major manufacturers are well developed, and most work well. It is wise to coordinate directly with the manufacturer of the revolving door operator to achieve the desired functions. These may include the following:

Figure 6.15. Revolving door.

•

Card reader controlled

•

Remote bypass from a security console

•

Auto-reverse if two or more people enter on one card use

•

Auto-reverse if an unauthorized person attempts to use the door at the same time as an authorized user but from the opposite side of the revolving door

•

Audio alert of improper use with instructions

Such doors are also available with status alerts on alarm, on reverse, with user count, and other options.

Revolving doors for access control should be configured to the “X” rather than “+” configuration when waiting for next use.

Electronic turnstiles (Fig. 6.16) are similar to the old-fashioned turnstiles used at subways and ballparks, except that the rotating member is replaced by an infrared photo beam that detects when someone passes through. There is also a type of electronic turnstile that uses paddle arms or glass wings to act as a physical barrier. These devices are designed to control access to a commercial or government building with a high degree of speed (throughput) and elegance. Electronic turnstiles must be used with an access control system that can deliver speedy card executions in order to be accepted by the users. As for revolving doors, the designer should coordinate the specifications carefully with the turnstile manufacturer.

Figure 6.16. Electronic turnstiles with paddle barriers.

Revolving Doors

Revolving doors are a familiar sight at airports and large department stores. They facilitate rapid movement of people in and out of the building while keeping cold winds out of the warm interior space. They can also be very useful in access control because only one person can typically use each quadrant at a time.

All manufacturers of revolving doors make card reader interlocks to facilitate the passage of only one authorized user at a time. Some interfaces are more elegant than others.

A good interlock should incorporate a pawl in the rotating mechanism that is released for one-half rotation to allow passage of a person entering the door. It is important that the door’s interlock is sophisticated enough to ensure that the user will not be locked into the side of the revolving door but can in fact always exit the other side.

Better interlocks are also configured to prevent the passage of more than one person and the simultaneous use of the opposite side of the door for ingress while egress is occurring under card authorization.

Revolving doors are normally access controlled both ways—that is, not just for entry or exit, but both will be under access control. The door may be operated on a schedule or may be on access control at all times.

Best practices indicate the use of a delayed egress door panel (also under access control) next to the revolving door to permit entry or exit by a handicapped user. The delayed egress function ensures that the door will not be used to bypass the revolving door, and the door’s card reader will be programmed only to permit use by handicapped cardholders (Fig. 7.1).

Revolving Door — Emergency Egress Side Door

This is a Revolving Door on a 4th floor Corridor that leads directly from an Elevator Lobby to an adjacent Parking Structure. We need to ensure that visitors do not enter at this level and we want to ensure that we account for every person who comes and goes into the adjacent Trading Room. A Revolving Door has been recommended to deal with the accounting of people coming and going, but in this circumstance, fire code requires an adjacent exit door. The adjacent door is a framed glass door. The Owner wants the adjacent door locked at all times, which is not allowed under fire code.

First let's look at which locks we have used in previous lists that fit both the fire code and the Owner's wishes.

Electrified Panic Hardware

Rim

Mortise

Vertical Rods

Electrified Mortise Lock

Electrified Cylinder Lock

Electric Strike

Magnetic Locks

3-point Locking Mechanism

Securitech Locks

Hi-Tower Lock

Blumcraft Lock

Oops! We can't use any of these. But if we look at fire code, we find that a Delayed Egress Lock is permitted. It complies with fire code and allows the door to remain locked at all times except in an emergency. The delayed egress hardware must be equipped with an interface to the fire alarm system (Figure 14.7).

Revolving door—emergency egress side door

This is a revolving door on a fourth floor corridor that leads directly from an elevator lobby to an adjacent parking structure. We need to ensure that visitors do not enter at this level and we want to ensure that we account for every person who comes and goes into the adjacent trading room. A revolving door has been recommended to deal with the accounting of people coming and going, but in this circumstance, fire code requires an adjacent exit door. The adjacent door is a framed glass door. The owner wants the adjacent door locked at all times, which is not allowed under fire code.

First let’s look at which locks we have used in previous lists that fit both the fire code and the Owner’s wishes.

Electrified Panic Hardware

Rim

Mortise

Vertical Rods

Electrified Mortise Lock

Electrified Cylinder Lock

Electric Strike

Magnetic Locks

Three-point Locking Mechanism

Securitech Locks

Hi-Tower Lock

Blumcraft Lock

Oops! We can’t use any of these. But if we look at fire code, we may find that a delayed egress lock is permitted. It complies with fire code and allows the door to remain locked at all times except in an emergency. The delayed egress hardware must be equipped with an interface to the fire alarm system (Fig. 14.7).

Revolving doors

Where space is available and speed of throughput is not such an issue, revolving doors offer a good solution (Fig. 5.8). Use of revolving doors for positive access control ensures that no person or package can be easily passed through the portal. Use of a revolving door for positive access control requires the addition of an adjacent emergency exit door activated by the fire-alarm system and equipped with an emergency door release that is similar to a fire-alarm pull station but marked Emergency Door Release. These are usually colored blue to ensure that no one assumes it is a fire-alarm pull station.

Like the turnstiles, a card reader is placed on each side of the door and allows a 180-degree turn to pass a single individual. Designs vary. The simplest versions allow two or more tightly crammed people to wedge their way through on a single card entry in the same direction (in or out). Better designs ensure that only one person is occupying the revolving door. All types typically have provisions (usually a floor sensor) to ensure that two people are not using the door at the same time in opposite directions.

Where the area is extremely sensitive, a man-trap can be used. A man-trap is a series of two doors configured so that only one can open at a given time. This way, an authorized user can enter the outer door that closes behind him/her and when both doors are again closed, the user can present his/her credential to the second internal reader, which then opens the inner door. The operation is reversed to exit. In many cases only an exit push button is used to release the outer door for exiting.

Extracting Information from E-mail Servers

E-mail servers can provide a wealth of information for hackers and penetration testers. In many ways, e-mail is like a revolving door to your target's organization. Assuming your target is hosting their own e-mail server, this is often a great place to attack. It is important to remember, “You can't block what you must let in.” In other words, for e-mail to function properly, external traffic must pass through your border devices like routers and firewalls, to an internal machine, typically somewhere inside your protected networks.

As a result of this, we can often gather significant pieces of information by interacting directly with the e-mail sever. One of the first things to do when attempting to recon an e-mail server is to send an e-mail to the organization with an empty .bat file or a nonmalicious .exe file like calc.exe. In this case, the goal is to send a message to the target e-mail server inside the organization in the hope of having the e-mail server inspect, and then reject the message.

Once the rejected message is returned back to us, we can attempt to extract information about the target e-mail server. In many cases, the body of the message will include a precanned write-up explaining that the server does not accept e-mails with potentially dangerous extensions. This message often indicates the specific vendor and version of antivirus that was used to scan the e-mail. As an attacker, this is a great piece of information to have.

Having a return message from a target e-mail server also allows us to inspect the headers of the e-mail. Inspecting the Internet headers will often allow us to extract some basic information about the e-mail server, including IP addresses and the specific software versions or brand of e-mail server running. Knowing the IP address and software versions can be incredibly useful when we move into the exploitation phase (Step 3).

Layered Levels of Security

The outer perimeter/outer protective layer can be a man-made barrier controlling both traffic and people flow. The inner layer contains the interior lobby and main entrance, turnstiles, revolving doors, handicap gates, elevators, emergency doors alarmed, and private occupied space. The inner protective layer contains biometrics, mirrors, and closed-circuit TV (CCTV) applications. The middle layer consists of exterior parts of the building.

High-security areas are laid within the inner layer with limited access to a select few. Reducing opportunity within your complex’s design must be tailored to the specific area’s environment.

When designing administrative controls for access control, one must consider the tolerance for process errors. This means we should consider the percentage of unauthorized transactions we can allow with minimal consequence. While engineered controls make a significant difference controlling access capabilities, our tolerance for mistakes or errors in access control often equally relate to the administrative controls that rule the measurement of results and prove our access control levels are operating at the desired levels.

What is the revolving door system?

What is the revolving door in politics quizlet?

What is the revolving door effect?

What is the risk of a revolving door hiring policy?